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Straight answers to the questions people actually ask, each with the free, no-signup tool that does the job in your browser.

PDF

How can I compress a PDF for free without uploading it?

Use a browser-based PDF compressor that shrinks the file entirely on your own device, so the document is never sent to a...

What is the best way to merge PDF files for free?

Combine PDFs with a browser-based merge tool that joins the files on your own device instead of uploading them. It is fr...

How do I split a PDF into separate pages for free?

Use a browser-based PDF splitter that pulls the page range you want out of the file and saves it as a new PDF, entirely ...

How do I rotate a PDF and save it permanently?

Open the PDF in a browser-based rotation tool, turn every page or just the selected ones by 90, 180 or 270 degrees, and ...

How do I convert PDF pages to JPG or PNG images for free?

Use a browser-based PDF to image converter that renders each page of the PDF as a JPG or PNG picture on your own device....

How do I combine photos into one PDF for free?

Add your JPG or PNG photos to a browser-based image to PDF tool, drag them into the order you want, and download a singl...

How do I delete pages from a PDF for free?

Use a browser-based tool that removes the pages you pick and gives you a trimmed copy of the PDF to download. It runs en...

How do I rearrange the pages in a PDF for free?

Open the PDF in a browser-based reorder tool, drag the page thumbnails into the order you want, and download the rearran...

How do I extract the text from a PDF for free?

Use a browser-based PDF text extractor that pulls the plain text out of the document on your own device, then copy it or...

What is the best free PDF splitter?

The best free PDF splitter is one that works without an account, adds no watermark, and does the splitting on your own d...

What is a free alternative to PDF24 that does not upload my files?

For everyday jobs like merging, splitting and compressing PDFs, browser-based tools that process the file on your own de...

What is a free alternative to Adobe Acrobat online PDF tools?

For the common tasks, compressing, merging, rotating and splitting PDFs, browser-based tools that run on your own device...

What is the best free PDF merger?

The best free PDF merger combines your files in the browser without uploading them, so nothing is sent to a server. It i...

How do I check a PDF's page count and metadata without opening it in an editor?

A PDF carries information about itself: page count, page dimensions and metadata fields like title, author and the softw...

Images

How do I compress an image without losing quality?

Use a browser-based image compressor that lets you dial in the quality level and re-encodes the picture on your device. ...

How can I resize an image online for free?

Resize a picture with a browser-based tool where you set the exact width and height in pixels and it scales the image on...

How do I convert an SVG to PNG for free?

Use a browser-based SVG to PNG converter that rasterizes the vector file on your own device and lets you export at 1x up...

How do I convert an image to Base64 for CSS or HTML?

Drop the image into a browser-based Base64 converter and it produces a data URI you can paste straight into an img tag o...

How do I reduce a photo's file size so I can email it?

Run the photo through a free browser-based image compressor, which re-encodes it at a quality you choose and shows you t...

How do I convert a WebP image to PNG?

Open the WebP file in a browser-based converter and save it as a PNG in one click, with the conversion done entirely on ...

How do I crop a photo into a circle for a profile picture?

Use a free browser-based circle crop tool that cuts the photo into a perfect circle with a transparent background and sa...

How do I mirror or flip an image online for free?

Use a browser-based rotate and flip tool to mirror the picture horizontally, flip it vertically, or turn it in 90 degree...

How do I add a text watermark to a photo for free?

Use a browser-based tool that puts your text on the image and lets you set the wording, size, color, opacity and positio...

What is the best free way to convert images to WebP?

The best free route is a browser-based converter that re-encodes your JPG or PNG to WebP at a quality you choose and sho...

What is the best free image resizer?

The best free image resizer gives you exact pixel control without uploading your picture anywhere. A browser-based resiz...

What is the best free image compressor?

The best free image compressor shrinks your photo entirely in the browser, so the picture is never uploaded. It is free ...

How do I change an image from one format to another, like PNG to JPG or WebP?

Use a browser-based image format converter that re-encodes the picture between PNG, JPG and WebP on your own device. It ...

How do I crop an image online for free?

Use a browser-based image cropper to drag a box over the part of the picture you want to keep and download just that reg...

How do I convert an image to black and white?

Use a browser-based grayscale tool that removes the color from a photo using true luminance values, so the black-and-whi...

How do I rotate a photo that saved sideways?

Rotate the image in 90 degree steps until it is upright and save the result, which writes the corrected orientation into...

How do I blur or pixelate a screenshot before sharing it?

Hide detail by pixelating or blurring the image, or remove sensitive areas entirely by cropping them out, then share the...

Generators

Developer

What is the best free JSON formatter and validator?

A good free JSON formatter beautifies and validates your JSON instantly in the browser, without pasting sensitive payloa...

How do I decode a JWT token safely?

Decode a JWT with a browser-based decoder that parses the token on your own device, so the token and its claims are neve...

How do I encode and decode Base64 in the browser?

Use a browser-based Base64 tool that encodes or decodes the text instantly on your own device. That matters more than it...

How do I generate a UUID v4?

Use a browser-based UUID generator that creates version 4 UUIDs on your device using the browser's cryptographically sec...

How do I generate a SHA-256 hash of a text string?

Paste the text into a browser-based hash generator and it computes the SHA-256 digest locally using the Web Crypto API b...

How can I test a regular expression without installing anything?

Open a browser-based regex tester, type your pattern and paste sample text, and matches are highlighted live as you edit...

How do I URL-encode a string?

Paste the string into a browser-based URL encoder and it percent-encodes every character that is not safe in a URL, so a...

How do I convert a Unix timestamp to a date?

Paste the timestamp into a browser-based converter and it shows the human-readable date and time instantly, in UTC and y...

How do I diff two blocks of text to see what changed?

Paste both versions into a browser-based text diff tool and it highlights every added, removed and changed line side by ...

How do I convert Markdown to HTML?

Paste the Markdown into a browser-based converter and it renders the equivalent HTML instantly, ready to copy into a pag...

How do I make a URL slug from a title?

Paste the title into a browser-based slug generator and it lowercases the text, strips punctuation and accents, and join...

How do I generate a robots.txt file for my website?

Use a browser-based robots.txt generator to pick which crawlers may access which paths, then place the generated file at...

What is a free alternative to JSONLint?

If you want a JSON validator that also formats, try a browser-based JSON formatter and validator: it checks the syntax, ...

How do I format a SQL query online safely?

Use a browser-based SQL formatter that indents and re-cases the query entirely on your device. Safety is the point: real...

How do I figure out what a cron expression means?

Paste the expression into a browser-based cron parser and it translates the five fields into plain English, like "0 3 * ...

How do I convert JSON to TypeScript types?

Paste a sample JSON payload into a browser-based JSON-to-TypeScript converter and it generates matching interface defini...

How do I generate lorem ipsum placeholder text?

Use a browser-based lorem ipsum generator to produce as many words, sentences or paragraphs of placeholder text as you n...

What is the best free hash generator?

The best free hash generator computes the hash on your own device, because the text you hash is often exactly the kind o...

What is the best free UUID generator?

The best free UUID generator produces cryptographically random v4 UUIDs, one at a time or in bulk, right in your browser...

What is the best free text diff tool?

The best free text diff tool compares two blocks of text line by line and shows exactly which lines were added, removed ...

What is the best free JSON validator?

The best free JSON validator checks and beautifies your JSON instantly in the browser, so sensitive payloads are never s...

What is the best free Base64 encoder and decoder?

The best free Base64 tool encodes and decodes text entirely in the browser, so your data is never uploaded. It is free w...

What is the best free CSV to JSON converter?

The best free CSV to JSON converter transforms your spreadsheet data in the browser, so the file is never uploaded. It i...

What is the best free regex tester?

The best free regex tester matches your pattern against sample text live in the browser, with no data sent to a server. ...

What is the best free Markdown to HTML converter?

The best free Markdown to HTML converter renders your Markdown into clean HTML in the browser, with nothing uploaded. It...

What is the best free URL encoder and decoder?

The best free URL encoder converts text to and from percent encoding in the browser, so your input is never uploaded. It...

What is the best free YAML to JSON converter?

The best free YAML to JSON converter transforms your config in the browser, so the file is never uploaded. It is free wi...

What is the best free JSON minifier?

The best free JSON minifier strips whitespace from your JSON in the browser to make it as small as possible, without upl...

How do I minify JSON to reduce its size?

Paste the JSON into a browser-based minifier and it strips every space, newline and indent, leaving the smallest valid e...

How do I minify CSS to make my page load faster?

Paste your stylesheet into a browser-based CSS minifier and it strips comments, whitespace and line breaks to produce th...

How do I minify JavaScript code?

Paste your script into a browser-based JavaScript minifier and it removes comments, whitespace and line breaks to produc...

How do I escape HTML special characters?

Paste your text into a browser-based HTML entity encoder and it converts characters like less-than, greater-than and amp...

How do I convert text to binary?

Paste your text into a browser-based text to binary converter and it turns each character into its binary code, typicall...

How do I convert a hex string to readable text?

Paste the hex into a browser-based hex to text converter and it reads each pair of hex digits as a byte and turns it bac...

How do I convert a number to hex, binary or octal?

Type the number into a browser-based number base converter and it shows the value in decimal, hexadecimal, binary and oc...

How do I convert a hex color to RGB?

Paste a hex color like #3498db into a browser-based converter and it returns the RGB values, in this case rgb(52, 152, 2...

How do I generate and sign a JWT for testing?

Use a browser-based JWT generator to build a JSON Web Token from your header and payload and sign it with HS256 using a ...

How do I generate an HMAC signature?

Paste your message and secret key into a browser-based HMAC generator and it produces the keyed hash using an algorithm ...

How do I encode and decode Base32?

Use a browser-based Base32 tool to encode text into Base32 or decode a Base32 string back to text, entirely on your devi...

How do I parse a URL query string into key-value pairs?

Paste a URL or a query string into a browser-based query string parser and it breaks it into a readable table of paramet...

How do I convert a .env file to JSON?

Paste the contents of your .env file into a browser-based converter and it turns each KEY=value line into a JSON object ...

How do I strip HTML tags to get plain text?

Paste HTML into a browser-based HTML to text tool and it removes the tags and returns just the readable text content. Th...

How do I format and beautify XML?

Paste your XML into a browser-based XML formatter and it indents the elements into a clean, nested layout that is easy t...

How do I calculate a chmod permission value?

Use a browser-based chmod calculator: tick the read, write and execute boxes for owner, group and others and it gives yo...

How do I calculate a subnet from a CIDR notation?

Enter an address in CIDR notation like 192.168.1.0/24 into a browser-based subnet calculator and it works out the networ...

How do I convert a number to Roman numerals?

Type a number into a browser-based Roman numeral converter and it returns the Roman numeral, so 2026 becomes MMXXVI. It ...

How do I translate text to Morse code?

Type your text into a browser-based Morse code translator and it converts each letter and digit into dots and dashes, an...

How do I generate a .gitignore file for my project?

Use a browser-based .gitignore generator to pick your languages, frameworks and tools and it assembles the matching igno...

How do I build a crontab schedule expression?

Use a browser-based cron builder to pick the minute, hour, day, month and weekday from dropdowns and get a valid crontab...

How do I convert text to its 8-bit binary representation?

Paste your text into a browser-based text-to-binary converter and it turns each character into its 8-bit binary byte, wi...

How do I convert a hexadecimal value to decimal?

Enter the hex value into a browser-based number base converter and it returns the decimal equivalent, and octal and bina...

What is the best free meta tag generator?

The best free meta tag generator builds your title, description and social preview tags in the browser and lets you copy...

What is the best free cron expression generator?

The best free cron expression generator lets you pick a schedule in plain terms and builds the cron string for you, and ...

What is the best free Unix timestamp converter?

The best free timestamp converter turns a Unix timestamp into a readable date and a date back into a timestamp, instantl...

What is the best free JSON to YAML converter?

The best free JSON to YAML converter transforms your JSON into clean YAML in the browser, so the file is never uploaded....

What is the best free XML formatter?

The best free XML formatter indents and beautifies your XML in the browser, so nothing is uploaded. It is free with no a...

What is the best free HTML entity encoder?

The best free HTML entity encoder converts special characters into safe HTML entities in the browser, and can decode the...

What is the best free URL slug generator?

The best free slug generator turns a title into a clean URL friendly slug in the browser, lowercasing the text and repla...

How do I generate fake user data for testing?

Use generated dummy profiles instead of real customer records whenever you seed a database, fill a form or build a demo....

Where do I get test credit card numbers for testing a checkout form?

Use numbers that pass the Luhn checksum but are not real cards. Card forms validate the number format with the Luhn algo...

How do I unminify JavaScript so I can read it?

Run the minified code through a formatter, which re-adds line breaks, indentation and brace structure so the logic becom...

How do I format messy HTML so it is readable?

Run the markup through an HTML beautifier, which indents nested elements consistently so the document structure becomes ...

How do I convert variable names between camelCase and snake_case?

Split the identifier at its word boundaries, then rejoin the words in the target style: firstName becomes first_name and...

How do I escape a string so I can put it inside JSON?

Backslash-escape the characters JSON reserves: double quotes become \", backslashes become \\, and literal newlines must...

How do I pull one value out of a deeply nested JSON object?

Address the value with a path expression that walks the structure key by key, like user.profile.tags[0], where dots step...

How do I generate Go structs from a JSON sample?

Paste a sample of the JSON and generate matching Go struct definitions: exported field names, inferred types, nested str...

What does my user agent string mean and how do I decode it?

A user agent string is the identifier a browser sends with every request, packed with historical tokens like Mozilla/5.0...

Alternatives

What is a good free alternative to TinyPNG?

If you want a free image compressor that does not upload your pictures, use a browser-based compressor instead of TinyPN...

What is a free alternative to iLovePDF?

For common PDF jobs like merging, splitting and compressing, a browser-based PDF toolkit is a free alternative to iLoveP...

What is a free alternative to Smallpdf?

A browser-based PDF toolkit is a free alternative to Smallpdf for merging, splitting and compressing PDFs, and it keeps ...

What is a free alternative to CloudConvert for image conversions?

CloudConvert is a cloud converter: your file is sent to its service to be converted, and its free plan allows only a lim...

What is a free alternative to Zamzar?

Zamzar converts files by having you upload them to its servers, and its own site caps free uploads at 50MB. For image co...

What is a free alternative to WordCounter.net without ads?

WordCounter.net is a free word counting site that is supported by advertising and offers an account for extra features. ...

What is a free alternative to iLoveIMG?

iLoveIMG processes images in the cloud: its own FAQ explains that files are kept on its servers so you can download the ...

What is a free alternative to Diffchecker?

Diffchecker is a popular comparison tool with a paid Pro plan: removing ads is listed among its Pro features, and saving...

What is a free alternative to Canva for making a QR code?

Canva can make QR codes, but the generator lives inside the Canva editor, so you need a Canva account and a design open ...

What is a free alternative to Bitly for QR codes?

Bitly’s QR codes are dynamic: creating one starts with signing in to a Bitly account, the code points at a Bitly link th...

Is there an offline alternative to random.org?

random.org is a genuinely free service that generates true random numbers from atmospheric noise on its own servers and ...

What is a free alternative to Photoshop for simple image edits?

Photoshop is professional software sold by paid subscription, which is a lot to take on if all you need is to resize, cr...

Is there a free alternative to paid PDF software for merging and splitting?

Yes. Merging, splitting and reordering PDF pages do not need a paid PDF suite: free browser-based tools do those jobs on...

Is there a free alternative to paid barcode software?

If you just need a scannable barcode image, you do not need to buy label-design software. A free browser-based generator...

What is a free alternative to Convertio that does not upload my files?

Convertio converts files in the cloud: its own site says all conversions take place on its servers, and the free drop zo...

What is a free alternative to FreeConvert without upload limits or ads?

FreeConvert is an online converter that uploads your file to convert it; its free tier shows a 1GB maximum and offers an...

What is a free alternative to ImageResizer.com that does not upload my photo?

ImageResizer.com works by uploading your picture: its own page says images are uploaded over an encrypted SSL connection...

What is a free alternative to JSONFormatter.org without ads?

JSONFormatter.org is a capable formatter, but it is ad-supported and its save and share features store your JSON in the ...

What is a free alternative to base64-image.de that encodes images locally?

base64-image.de encodes on its servers: its own page says images are uploaded over HTTPS and then encoded to a Base64 st...

What is a free alternative to urlencoder.org that never sends my data to a server?

urlencoder.org has a browser-only live mode, but its standard encoding sends your data to its servers, which it then del...

What is a free alternative to Coolors without ads or account limits?

Coolors is a great palette tool, but its free tier is ad-supported and caps what you can save, with unlimited storage an...

What is a free alternative to Sejda that does not upload my PDF?

Sejda states plainly that its servers process the files for you, so your PDF is uploaded to be worked on. For merging, s...

What is a free alternative to i2PDF that keeps my images on my device?

i2PDF uploads your files to build the PDF: its own page says files are uploaded and automatically deleted after 30 minut...

What is a free alternative to PDF2Go that does not store my files?

PDF2Go processes PDFs in the cloud: its own page says your files are encrypted at rest while stored on its servers and d...

What is a free alternative to ConvertCSV without ads?

ConvertCSV does the job but its page carries an ad banner. A browser-based CSV to JSON converter transforms your data on...

What is a free alternative to Lipsum.com for placeholder text?

Lipsum.com is the classic lorem ipsum source, and a browser-based generator is a free alternative that builds the placeh...

What is a free alternative to online JWT decoders that keeps the token private?

A browser-based JWT decoder is a free alternative to online decoders that splits and reads the token entirely on your ow...

What is a free alternative to online SHA-256 generators that runs locally?

A browser-based hash generator is a free alternative to online SHA-256 tools that computes the hash on your own device u...

What is a free alternative to online Base64 encode and decode tools?

A browser-based Base64 tool is a free alternative to online encoders and decoders that converts your text on your own de...

What is a free alternative to online UUID generators that works offline?

A browser-based UUID generator is a free alternative to online UUID tools that creates the identifiers on your own devic...

What is a free alternative to online regex testers that keeps my test data private?

A browser-based regex tester is a free alternative to online regex tools that runs your pattern against your test text e...

What is a free alternative to online Unix timestamp converters?

A browser-based Unix timestamp converter is a free alternative that turns epoch seconds into a readable date, and back, ...

What is a free alternative to online image format converters that does not upload my pictures?

A browser-based image format converter is a free alternative to online converters that switches your picture between PNG...

What is a free alternative to online Markdown to HTML converters that keeps my text private?

A browser-based Markdown to HTML converter is a free alternative to online converters that renders your Markdown into HT...

What is a free alternative to Compressor.io without a file size cap?

Compressor.io compresses images through its service: its drop zone states a 10 MB maximum and reserves compression optio...

What is a free alternative to TinyJPG that does not upload my photos?

TinyJPG compresses on its servers: its own page says every uploaded image is analyzed when you upload a JPEG file. A bro...

What is a free alternative to Online-Convert.com that does not upload my files?

Online-Convert.com is an online converter that sends your file to its service to convert it. For everyday image and PDF ...

What is a free alternative to Aconvert that does not upload my files?

Aconvert converts files on its servers: its own site describes a fleet of 32 Windows and Linux servers handling hundreds...

What is a free alternative to OnlineConvertFree without a size cap or signup?

OnlineConvertFree uploads your file to convert it: its free drop zone reads "100 MB maximum file size or Sign Up" and it...

What is a free alternative to FreeFileConvert without upload limits?

FreeFileConvert performs conversions in the cloud: its own page says all conversions are done in the cloud and you simpl...

What is a free alternative to XConvert that does not upload my files?

XConvert processes files in the cloud: its own page credits a robust cloud infrastructure and its footer counts tens of ...

What is a free alternative to DocFly without a monthly file limit?

DocFly caps free use: its own page offers editing and converting up to 3 PDF files a month for free, and you upload your...

What is a free alternative to FreePDFConvert that does not upload my files?

FreePDFConvert uploads your file to convert it: its own steps say uploaded files are purged from its server afterward, a...

What is a free alternative to the Aspose PDF apps that does not upload my file?

The Aspose PDF apps upload your document: their own pages say to just upload your PDF file to view or edit it from any b...

What is a free alternative to Soda PDF Online that does not upload my files?

Soda PDF Online runs in the cloud from your web browser, and its own footnote says size and daily usage limitations may ...

What is a free alternative to HiPDF that does not require an account?

HiPDF has you upload your files to edit them and asks you to log in to use it freely, with a time-limited free trial for...

What is a free alternative to PDF Candy without hourly limits?

PDF Candy processes files on its servers and keeps them there for up to two hours, and its paid plans list no hourly lim...

What is a free alternative to JPG2PDF that keeps my images on my device?

JPG2PDF uploads your images to build the PDF: its own page says you upload up to 20 JPG files and that files are automat...

What is a free alternative to SmallSEOTools PDF and image tools without ads?

SmallSEOTools is ad-supported: its own banner asks you to disable your ad blocker or subscribe to an ad-free version, an...

What is a free alternative to ReduceImages without ads or an upload?

ReduceImages works by uploading your picture to process it, and its paid plans list "No advertising" as a benefit, so th...

What is a free alternative to Simple Image Resizer without a batch limit or ads?

Simple Image Resizer uploads your images and caps free use: its own FAQ says you can process up to 3 photos per batch at...

What is a free alternative to ResizePixel without ads or an upload?

ResizePixel works by uploading your image, and its own page shows an advertisement slot with a cookie notice that it and...

What is a free alternative to TextMechanic without an hourly task limit?

TextMechanic caps free use: its own page shows a limit of 4 free tasks per hour and offers unlimited access through Text...

What is a free alternative to the Curious Concept JSON Formatter that works offline?

The Curious Concept JSON Formatter processes your JSON on its side and returns it to you, and its own FAQ says there is ...

Converters

How do I convert centimeters to inches?

Divide the number of centimeters by 2.54 to get inches, since one inch equals exactly 2.54 cm. A free converter does it ...

How do I convert kilograms to pounds?

Multiply the kilograms by 2.20462. So 5 kg is about 11.02 lbs and 70 kg is about 154.32 lbs. A free converter gives the ...

How do I convert pounds to kilograms?

Multiply the pounds by 0.45359237, or equivalently divide by 2.20462. So 150 lbs is about 68.04 kg and 10 lbs is about 4...

How do I convert inches to centimeters?

Multiply the inches by 2.54, because one inch is defined as exactly 2.54 centimeters. So 5 inches is 12.7 cm and 12 inch...

How do I convert millimeters to inches?

Divide the millimeters by 25.4, because one inch is exactly 25.4 mm. So 10 mm is about 0.3937 inches and 50 mm is about ...

How do I convert Fahrenheit to Celsius?

Subtract 32, then multiply by 5/9: C = (F - 32) x 5/9. For example, 68 F minus 32 is 36, and 36 x 5/9 = 20 C. A free con...

How do I convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?

Multiply by 9/5, then add 32: F = C x 9/5 + 32. For example, 25 C x 9/5 is 45, plus 32 makes 77 F. A free converter runs...

What is 100 degrees Fahrenheit in Celsius?

100 F is about 37.78 C. Using the formula C = (F - 32) x 5/9: 100 minus 32 is 68, and 68 x 5/9 = 37.777..., which rounds...

How do I convert miles to kilometers?

Multiply the miles by 1.609344, since one mile is defined as exactly 1.609344 km. So 5 miles is about 8.05 km and 10 mil...

How do I convert kilometers to miles?

Multiply the kilometers by 0.621371, or divide by 1.609344. So 5 km is about 3.11 miles and 10 km is about 6.21 miles. A...

How many tablespoons are in a cup?

There are 16 tablespoons in one US cup. That means a half cup is 8 tablespoons, a quarter cup is 4 tablespoons, and sinc...

How do I convert cups to milliliters?

Multiply the number of US cups by 236.588, so one US cup is about 237 ml and two cups are about 473 ml. Note that a metr...

What is the best free unit converter?

The best free unit converter gives instant results as you type, uses the exact standard conversion factors, and works wi...

What is the best free number base converter?

The best free number base converter changes a value between binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal instantly in the brow...

What is the best free text to binary converter?

The best free text to binary converter turns words into binary and back again instantly in the browser, with nothing upl...

What is the best free Roman numeral converter?

The best free Roman numeral converter turns a number into Roman numerals and reads Roman numerals back into a number, in...

How do I convert feet to centimeters?

Multiply the number of feet by 30.48, since one foot is defined as exactly 30.48 centimeters. So 5 feet is 152.4 cm and ...

How do I convert meters to feet?

Multiply the number of meters by 3.28084, since one meter is about 3.28084 feet. So 2 meters is about 6.56 feet and 10 m...

How do I convert grams to ounces?

Divide the number of grams by 28.3495, since one ounce is about 28.3495 grams. So 100 grams is about 3.53 ounces and 500...

How do I convert liters to gallons?

Multiply the number of liters by 0.264172 to get US gallons, so 10 liters is about 2.64 US gallons. Note that a UK imper...

How do I convert miles per hour to kilometers per hour?

Multiply the speed in mph by 1.609344, since one mile is exactly 1.609344 kilometers. So 60 mph is about 96.56 km/h and ...

How do I convert bytes to KB, MB or GB?

Use a browser-based data storage converter that switches a value between bytes, KB, MB, GB and TB instantly. It runs on ...

How many cups is 500 grams of flour?

All-purpose flour weighs about 120 to 125 grams per US cup when spooned into the cup and leveled, so 500 grams is right ...

How do I convert my shoe size between US, UK and EU?

The US, UK and EU scales do not line up one to one, and men and women use different numbering within the same region, so...

How many fluid ounces is 500 ml?

One US fluid ounce is 29.5735 ml, so 500 ml is about 16.9 US fluid ounces. UK imperial fluid ounces are slightly smaller...

How big is an acre in square feet?

An acre is exactly 43,560 square feet, which is about 4,047 square meters or 0.405 hectares. As a mental picture, it is ...

Data

How do I convert a CSV file to JSON?

Paste or drop the CSV into a browser-based converter and it turns each row into a JSON object, using the header row as t...

How do I convert JSON to CSV?

Paste a JSON array of objects into a browser-based converter and it writes one CSV row per object, with the keys as the ...

How do I convert YAML to JSON?

Paste the YAML into a browser-based converter and it outputs the equivalent JSON instantly, with conversion back the oth...

How do I convert XML to JSON?

Paste the XML into a browser-based converter and it produces a JSON representation of the same tree, entirely on your de...

How do I compare two JSON files and see the differences?

Paste both JSON documents into a browser-based JSON diff tool and it compares them structurally, showing which keys and ...

How do I convert CSV data to JSON?

Paste your CSV into a browser-based CSV to JSON converter and it reads the header row as keys and turns each remaining r...

How do I turn a JSON array into a CSV file?

Paste an array of JSON objects into a browser-based JSON to CSV converter and it writes a header row from the object key...

How do I convert JSON to YAML?

Paste your JSON into a browser-based JSON to YAML converter and it rewrites the same data in YAML, using indentation ins...

How do I convert a YAML file into JSON?

Paste your YAML into a browser-based YAML to JSON converter and it parses the indentation-based structure and outputs th...

How do I convert JSON to XML?

Paste your JSON into a browser-based JSON to XML converter and it turns objects and arrays into nested, indented XML ele...

How do I flatten a nested JSON object?

Paste your JSON into a browser-based JSON flatten tool and it collapses the nested structure into a single level of dot-...

How do I prettify JSON to make it readable?

Paste minified or messy JSON into a browser-based JSON formatter and it re-indents the structure into a clean, nested la...

How do I convert a TSV file to CSV?

Paste your tab-separated data into a browser-based TSV to CSV converter and it swaps the tabs for commas, quoting any fi...

How do I transpose the rows and columns in a CSV?

Paste your CSV into a browser-based CSV transpose tool and it flips the grid so the first row becomes the first column a...

How do I extract a single column from a CSV?

Paste your CSV into a browser-based CSV column extractor, pick the column by its header name or number, and it pulls jus...

How do I sort the keys of a JSON object alphabetically?

Paste your JSON into a browser-based JSON key sorter and it alphabetizes every object key at every nesting level, so the...

How do I convert NDJSON to a normal JSON array?

NDJSON puts one complete JSON object on each line with no commas or surrounding brackets, so to get a normal array you p...

How do I turn a CSV file into SQL INSERT statements?

Map the CSV header row to a column list and each data row to a VALUES tuple, quoting text values safely, which yields re...

How do I convert CSV data into a Markdown table?

Rewrite the rows in pipe syntax: a header row, a separator line of dashes, and one pipe-delimited line per record, which...

Calculators

How do I calculate what percentage one number is of another?

Divide the part by the whole and multiply by 100. For example, 45 out of 180 is 45 divided by 180 = 0.25, which is 25 pe...

How do I calculate the percentage increase or decrease between two numbers?

Subtract the old value from the new value, divide by the old value, and multiply by 100. Going from 80 to 100 is (100 - ...

How do I calculate a tip on a restaurant bill?

Multiply the bill by the tip rate as a decimal. On a 60 dollar bill, 15 percent is 9.00, 18 percent is 10.80, and 20 per...

How do I calculate my monthly mortgage payment?

The principal and interest payment comes from the standard amortization formula: M = P x [r(1+r)^n] / [(1+r)^n - 1], whe...

How do I calculate the monthly payment on a loan?

Use the amortization formula M = P x [r(1+r)^n] / [(1+r)^n - 1], where P is the amount borrowed, r is the monthly rate (...

How do I calculate my BMI?

BMI is your weight in kilograms divided by your height in meters squared: BMI = kg / m2. For example, 70 kg at 1.75 m is...

How do I calculate age from a date of birth?

Subtract the birth year from the current year, then subtract one more if the birthday has not happened yet this year. So...

How do I calculate the price after a discount?

Multiply the original price by (1 minus the discount as a decimal). An 80 dollar item at 25 percent off is 80 x 0.75 = 6...

How do I calculate the square footage of a room?

Measure the length and width in feet and multiply them: a 12 ft by 10 ft room is 120 square feet. For L-shaped or irregu...

What is the best free mortgage calculator?

The best free mortgage calculator computes the standard principal and interest formula instantly in your browser, lets y...

What is the best free percentage calculator?

The best free percentage calculator answers the common percentage questions instantly in the browser, such as what perce...

How do I calculate compound interest?

Compound interest uses A = P x (1 + r/n)^(n x t), where P is the starting amount, r is the annual rate as a decimal, n i...

How do I calculate simple interest?

Simple interest is I = P x r x t, where P is the principal, r is the annual rate as a decimal, and t is the time in year...

How do I calculate a car loan payment?

A car loan uses the standard amortization formula M = P x [r(1+r)^n] / [(1+r)^n - 1], where P is the amount financed, r ...

What is APR and how is it calculated?

APR, the annual percentage rate, expresses the yearly cost of borrowing including fees, not just the interest rate. It r...

How do I calculate how long it will take to pay off a debt?

The payoff time depends on the balance, the interest rate and how much you pay each month. Because interest is added eve...

How do I calculate how long it takes to pay off a credit card?

Credit card payoff depends on the balance, the APR and your monthly payment, and because the balance compounds, making o...

How do extra payments change my mortgage payoff?

Extra payments go straight to the principal, so they shrink the balance that future interest is charged on, which shorte...

How do I calculate how much to save each month for a goal?

Divide how much you still need by the number of months you have, then reduce that a little if the savings earn interest....

How do I calculate how much my investment will grow with monthly contributions?

Investment growth combines your starting balance, regular contributions and compounding returns. Because each contributi...

How do I convert an hourly wage to an annual salary?

Multiply the hourly rate by the hours you work per week, then by 52 weeks. At 25 an hour for 40 hours a week, that is 25...

How do I calculate my take-home pay?

Take-home pay is your gross pay minus income tax, payroll taxes and any deductions like retirement contributions or heal...

How do I calculate overtime pay?

Overtime pay is your hourly rate multiplied by an overtime factor, commonly 1.5, for each hour over the threshold. At 20...

How do I calculate sales tax on a purchase?

Multiply the price by the tax rate as a decimal to get the tax, then add it to the price for the total. On a 50 item at ...

How do I calculate my debt-to-income ratio?

Divide your total monthly debt payments by your gross monthly income, then multiply by 100. If you pay 1,500 in monthly ...

How do I calculate my body fat percentage?

A common at-home estimate is the U.S. Navy method, which uses your height and tape measurements of your neck, waist and,...

How do I calculate my daily calorie needs (TDEE)?

TDEE, your total daily energy expenditure, is your resting metabolism (BMR) multiplied by an activity factor. A common f...

How do I calculate my BMR (basal metabolic rate)?

BMR is the calories your body burns at complete rest, commonly estimated with the Mifflin-St Jeor equation from your wei...

How do I calculate my ideal body weight?

Ideal weight formulas estimate a healthy weight range from your height and sex, using classic equations such as Devine, ...

How is a pregnancy due date calculated?

The standard estimate adds 280 days (40 weeks) to the first day of the last menstrual period, an approach known as Naege...

How do I calculate my daily macros?

Macros split your daily calories into protein, carbohydrates and fat, using the fact that protein and carbs have about 4...

What is the best free age calculator?

The best free age calculator works out an exact age in years, months and days from a date of birth, instantly in the bro...

What is the best free date difference calculator?

The best free date difference calculator counts the exact time between two dates in days, weeks and months, right in the...

What is the best free average calculator?

The best free average calculator finds the mean of a list of numbers instantly in the browser, and often the median too....

What is the best free standard deviation calculator?

The best free standard deviation calculator finds the spread of a data set in the browser, along with the mean and varia...

How do I work out what percentage one number is of another, like 27 out of 40?

Divide the part by the whole and multiply by 100. So 27 out of 40 is 27 divided by 40, which is 0.675, or 67.5 percent. ...

How do I calculate how much gas will cost for a road trip?

Divide the trip distance by your fuel economy to get the fuel needed, then multiply by the price per gallon or liter. A ...

What is the easiest way to split expenses fairly on a group trip?

Total everything the group spent, divide by the number of people to get each fair share, then compare that share with wh...

How do I add VAT to a price or take it back out of a total?

To add VAT, multiply the net price by (1 + the rate): at 20 percent, 100 becomes 120. To remove VAT from a gross total, ...

How long will it take to double my money at a given interest rate?

Use the rule of 72: divide 72 by the annual return in percent. At 8 percent a year, money doubles in about 9 years; at 6...

How much rent can I afford on my salary?

The widely used guideline is to keep rent at or under about 30 percent of your gross monthly income. On 60,000 a year, t...

How do I figure out how much house I can afford?

Lenders commonly apply the 28/36 guideline: housing costs at or under 28 percent of gross monthly income, and all debt p...

How much is a yearly salary per hour, like 60,000 a year?

Divide the annual salary by 2,080, which is 40 hours a week times 52 weeks. So 60,000 a year is about 28.85 an hour. If ...

How old is my dog in human years?

The old multiply-by-seven rule is too crude, because dogs mature very fast early and then age at a rate that depends on ...

Text

What is the best free word counter?

The best free word counter updates as you type, counts more than just words, and does not send your text to a server. A ...

What is the best free lorem ipsum generator?

The best free lorem ipsum generator gives you control over the amount and shape of the text instead of one fixed block. ...

What is the best free markdown table generator?

The best free Markdown table generator lets you edit the table in a visual grid and hands back clean, aligned Markdown s...

What is the best free case converter?

The best free case converter handles both writing cases and programming cases in one click: UPPERCASE, lowercase and Tit...

What is the best free title case converter?

The best free title case converter capitalizes your headline correctly in the browser, following common title case rules...

What is the best free ASCII art generator?

The best free ASCII art generator turns your text into large stylized letters made of characters, right in the browser. ...

How do I count the words and characters in a block of text?

Paste the text into a browser-based word counter and it tallies the words, characters, sentences and paragraphs instantl...

How do I remove duplicate lines from a list of text?

Paste the list into a browser-based tool that strips out repeated lines and leaves one copy of each, all on your own dev...

How do I sort lines of text alphabetically?

Paste the lines into a browser-based line sorter and it orders them alphabetically, A to Z or Z to A, on your own device...

How do I change text to uppercase, lowercase or title case?

Paste the text into a browser-based case converter and switch it to UPPERCASE, lowercase, Title Case or Sentence case in...

How do I reverse a string of text?

Paste the text into a browser-based reverse text tool and it flips the character order so the last letter comes first. I...

How do I remove extra spaces from text?

Paste the text into a browser-based tool that collapses repeated spaces into one and trims the leading and trailing whit...

How do I count the sentences and paragraphs in a piece of writing?

Paste the text into a browser-based counter that reports the number of sentences, lines and paragraphs along with the wo...

How do I extract email addresses from a block of text?

Paste the text into a browser-based email extractor and it pulls out every email address it finds into a clean list. It ...

How do I find and replace text online without opening an editor?

Paste the text into a browser-based find and replace tool, type what to search for and what to swap it with, and it rewr...

What is the best free text repeater?

The best free text repeater copies a word or phrase as many times as you want in the browser, with optional separators o...

What is the best free tool to sort lines alphabetically?

The best free line sorter arranges a list of lines in alphabetical or reverse order in the browser, and can sort case se...

What is the best free Morse code translator?

The best free Morse code translator converts text into Morse and Morse back into text, instantly in the browser. It is f...

How do I remove line breaks from text I copied out of a PDF or email?

Paste the text into a line break remover, which joins the broken lines back into flowing paragraphs on your own device a...

Social

Color

Productivity

Random

Writing

Time

SEO

How do I check the keyword density of an article?

Paste your article into a browser-based keyword density checker and it counts how often each word and phrase appears and...

How do I write meta title and description tags for a web page?

Use a browser-based meta tags generator to produce the title and description HTML tags, and check each against its lengt...

How do I generate Open Graph meta tags for a link preview?

Use a free Open Graph tag generator that builds the og:title, og:description, og:image and og:url tags from your details...

How do I generate Twitter card meta tags for an X post preview?

Use a free Twitter card meta tag generator that builds the twitter:card, twitter:title, twitter:description and twitter:...

How do I create a clean URL slug from a title?

Use a free slug generator that turns a title into a lowercase, hyphenated URL slug in the browser. It strips punctuation...

How do I generate FAQ schema JSON-LD markup for a page?

Use a free FAQ schema generator that turns your question and answer pairs into valid JSON-LD in the browser. Paste the g...

How do I generate Organization schema JSON-LD for my site?

Use a free Organization schema generator that builds the JSON-LD for your company name, logo, URL and profiles in the br...

How do I generate a sitemap.xml file for my website?

Use a free sitemap XML generator that turns your list of page URLs into a valid sitemap.xml in the browser. Paste in you...

How do I generate a canonical tag for a page?

Use a free canonical tag generator that builds the rel=canonical link tag from your preferred URL in the browser. Paste ...

How do I check if my meta description is the right length?

Use a free meta description length checker that counts your description and flags whether it is too short or likely to b...

How do I check if my SEO title tag is the right length?

Use a free title tag length checker that counts your page title and shows whether it fits before search results truncate...

How do I preview how my page will look in Google search results?

Use a free SERP snippet preview that shows how your title, URL and meta description will appear in search results as you...

How do I check the word count of my SEO content?

Use a free SEO content score checker that counts your words and reviews basic on-page factors as you edit in the browser...

How do I add Article schema markup to a blog post?

Add a script tag of type application/ld+json containing an Article object with your headline, author, publication and mo...

How do I add hreflang tags for a site in multiple languages?

For each page, add link rel alternate hreflang tags that map every language and region version to its URL, include an x-...

How do I keep a page out of Google search results with a noindex tag?

Add a meta robots tag with the noindex directive to the page head, and make sure crawlers can still reach the page, beca...

Network

Security

How do I generate a strong but memorable passphrase?

Use a browser-based passphrase generator that strings together several random common words with a separator, giving you ...

How do I generate a UUID to use as an API key or identifier?

Use a browser-based UUID generator to create a random version-4 UUID, a 128-bit identifier you can use as an API key or ...

How do I generate a time-ordered UUID v7 for database keys?

Use a browser-based UUID v7 generator to create sortable, time-ordered version-7 UUIDs that work well as database primar...

How do I check whether a string is a valid UUID?

Paste the string into a browser-based UUID validator and it tells you whether the value is a valid UUID and, if so, whic...

How do I Base64-encode credentials for a Basic Auth header?

Join the username and password with a colon as user:pass, then Base64-encode that string with a browser-based encoder to...

How do I generate a SHA-512 hash of text?

Paste your text into a browser-based hash generator and choose SHA-512 to get the hash, computed on your device with the...

How do I create an HMAC signature for a webhook payload?

Paste the payload and your shared secret into a browser-based HMAC generator and pick a hash like SHA-256 to compute the...

How do I check when a JWT expires?

Decode the token with a browser-based JWT decoder and read the exp claim in the payload, which holds the expiry as a Uni...

How do I create a signed HS256 JWT for testing?

Use a browser-based JWT generator to build a token from your payload and sign it with a secret using HS256. The signing ...

How do I generate a random password for a new account signup?

Use a browser-based password generator to create a long random password, choosing the length and which character types t...

How do I convert an international domain name to punycode?

Domains with non-ASCII characters are stored in DNS as punycode: an ASCII encoding that starts with xn--, so münchen.exa...

How do I convert an Ethereum address to its checksummed format?

Apply EIP-55 checksumming: the letters in the hex address are set to upper or lower case according to a hash of the addr...

Statistics

Math

How do I solve a quadratic equation?

Put the equation in the form ax^2 + bx + c = 0 and apply the quadratic formula, x = (-b plus or minus the square root of...

How do I calculate the square root of a number?

The square root of a number is the value that, multiplied by itself, gives that number, so the square root of 25 is 5. T...

How do I calculate the cube root of a number?

The cube root of a number is the value that, multiplied by itself three times, gives that number, so the cube root of 27...

How do I find the greatest common divisor of two numbers?

The greatest common divisor (GCD) is the largest number that divides both values with no remainder, and it is found quic...

How do I find the least common multiple of two numbers?

The least common multiple (LCM) is the smallest number that both values divide into evenly. It equals the product of the...

How do I simplify a fraction to its lowest terms?

Divide both the numerator and the denominator by their greatest common divisor, and the fraction is in lowest terms. The...

How do I convert a fraction to a decimal?

Divide the numerator by the denominator, and the result is the decimal value of the fraction, so 3/4 becomes 0.75. The b...

How do I simplify a ratio to its lowest terms?

Divide both sides of the ratio by their greatest common divisor to get the simplest equivalent ratio, so 8:12 becomes 2:...

How do I calculate a logarithm?

A logarithm answers the question "what power do I raise the base to in order to get this number," so log base 10 of 1000...

How do I calculate an exponent or a power?

Raising a number to an exponent means multiplying it by itself that many times, so 2 to the power 5 is 2 times 2 times 2...

How do I convert a binary number to decimal?

Each binary digit represents a power of two, so you add up the powers of two wherever there is a 1, and the total is the...

How do I add fractions with different denominators?

Rewrite both fractions over a common denominator, add the numerators, then simplify. For 1/3 + 1/4, the least common den...

Geometry

Science

Marketing

Social Media

CSS

Date and time

How do I calculate the number of days between two dates?

Enter a start date and an end date into a browser-based date difference calculator and it gives you the exact gap in yea...

How do I add or subtract days from a date?

Use a browser-based date calculator: enter a starting date and a number of days, weeks, months or years, and it gives yo...

How do I convert a time to another time zone?

Use a browser-based time zone converter: pick a date and time, choose the source and target zones by city, and it shows ...

How do I convert a Unix timestamp to a readable date?

Paste a Unix timestamp into a browser-based converter and it turns the epoch number into a human-readable date and time,...

How do I find the current week number of the year?

Use a browser-based ISO week number calculator: it shows the current week number, or the week number for any date you en...

How do I make a live countdown to a date?

Use a browser-based countdown tool: enter a target date and time and it shows a live count of the days, hours, minutes a...

How do I convert seconds to hours and minutes?

Use a browser-based time unit converter: type a number of seconds and it shows the equivalent in minutes, hours, days an...

How do I build a cron expression?

Use a browser-based cron builder: pick the minute, hour, day, month and weekday from dropdowns and it assembles a valid ...

How do I find out what day of the week a date falls on?

Enter any date, past or future, into a browser-based day of the week finder and it tells you the exact weekday instantly...

Education

Health