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What is APR and how is it calculated?

Short answer

APR, the annual percentage rate, expresses the yearly cost of borrowing including fees, not just the interest rate. It rolls upfront charges into the loan and solves for the rate that makes the payments match, so it is usually higher than the stated interest rate. A free APR calculator estimates it in your browser once you enter the amount, rate, term and fees.

Interest rate versus APR

The interest rate is the cost of the borrowed money alone. APR is broader: it folds in origination fees, points and certain closing costs, then expresses the whole cost as a single yearly percentage. Because those fees are added to what you effectively pay, the APR on a loan with fees is higher than its plain interest rate, which is exactly why lenders must disclose it for comparison.

Why APR is the fair way to compare offers

Two loans can share the same interest rate but differ in fees, so the one with lower fees has a lower APR and costs less overall. Comparing APRs, rather than headline rates, is the honest apples-to-apples check. Note that APR assumes you keep the loan for the full term; if you pay it off early, front-loaded fees make the true cost of a short holding period higher than the APR suggests.

Frequently asked questions

Is APR the same as the interest rate?

No. The interest rate is the cost of the money; APR also includes fees like origination charges and points, so APR is usually higher.

Why is my APR higher than my quoted rate?

Because APR bakes in upfront fees. A loan with no fees has an APR close to its interest rate; fees push the APR above it.

Should I compare loans by rate or APR?

By APR, since it reflects the total yearly cost including fees. Two loans at the same rate can have very different APRs.

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